Method of forming concrete piles.



P. L. PRUYN. METHOD 0F FORMING CONCRETE PILES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 21, 1909.

Patented Jan. 3, 1911.

(l NITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE, ERANcIs L. PRUYN, E NEW YORK, N'. Y. ,-AssIGNon 'ro THE-UNDERPINNING coivr- PANY, oF NEW YORK, N. Y., A coEPoEATIoNoE NEW YORK.

METHOD OF FORMING COIIVCRIEVIEI To all whom 'it may concern: Y Be it known that I, FRANCIS' L. PRUYN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city, county, and State of `New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Forming Concrete Piles', of which the following is a full,

clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates .to new and improved methods of lforming piles wherein concrete l `or similar material 1s employed as the principal element,- and has particular reference to the making of such piles lin the lace where they are desired for use, an .my

invention consists in the employment of a driving. section by which a cavity for the pilel 1s formed and which carries with'it a shell designed to-receive the mass of concrete.I after the driving section is withdrawn... Thejlnvention has for its object to roy videa: method whereby the' formation o the drawing, whereinpile' may beaccomphshed without the use of a.V water jet, the employment of a Water` of the driving section, but likewise its point.

These and other objects which will appear as the description proceeds, I accomplish in the manner hereinafter set out and by the devices illustrated in the accompanying Figure l is a longitudinalv section through the shell, core and cone tip, after said parts have been driven to place. Fig.' 2lis a simi- .lar view ofcthe shell in place, the core and cone tip 'in full lines being partly withdrawn. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the coinplete pile. Fig. 4 is a section on4 the line A-A of Fig. 1; and Fig. 5Iis a similar sec- 'i Ation on the line B--B. The driving section is composed of a core of cylindrical shape having sections vof which three are illustrated, designated 1, 2, 3..

These are made of strong material, such as cast iron, whichiwill have sufficient strength to stand the blows .of a pile driver, which I preferably employ to drive them to place. Other means may ybe employed, however,

Specification of Letters Paten1;. Application ined october 21, 1909. serial No. 523,741'.

lshell, or even lighter.

Patented Jan. a, 1911.

to efectrsuchjdriving, for instance, al hy.-

d-raulicAl or other jack reacting against-an overhead weight, such as the wall of a building.

At the'lower end of the core andforming part of the driving section is a tip 4, prefer-- ably formed of-similar metal and in the shape of a cone.I This preferably has Vits outer face fiush with the face of the core at the junction of the tw'o and is formed Witha shoulder 5, upon which the core rests. An annular, upwardly-extending iiange 6 is screw-threaded peripherally and takes into a corresponding thread on the interior lower surface of the core, whereby the two parts are held together.

A soft metal'rin v7, shown indetail in Fig. 4, rests upon t e shoulder 5 and sur# rounds the annular iiange 6, and pro'ects radially outside of the vertical plane o the outside of the core.

The. shell is placed lupon the outside oi'` the core and is of'lighter'material than the `core, as it does not take thectp'rinci al strain 4 in driving. It is preferably orme of metal ,of suiiicient thickness to retain the earth in'- position after the core is withdrawn. 'The shell is composed of sections, of which three,

designated 8, 9, 10, are shown.`

.I form the core and shell in sections for convenience-in adding additional parts in driving, as frequently the pile is required to be-formedin locations where there is not suiiicient headroom to accommodate the entire length above ground .'.The abutting ends ofthe core sections are threadedv inthe said ring being supported between the tip and core adjoining the shell will, to a considerable extent, take the strain of compressing th'e soil and will correspondingly relieve the shell and enable a much lighter shell to be employed. l

I have illustrated a shell tip 13, formed of light material such as employed for the y This lits closely to the cone ti 4, beneath the extended periphery of ring 7, and is intended to remain in the soil. Its use is optional and it does los 4'not form an essential-part of my' method.

I concrete tip 4and its setting.

It wi'll be employed principally where the lower end of the pilepasses into very moist4 ground, and 'will be 'usefullin excludingwater and in assisting the formation of the The method' employed in forming the pile by the aidof said apparatusl is as follows:

f A section of the core 1,-having the cone tip l attached andthe soft metal 'ring '7 in place, withl a section ofthe -shell 8 surrounding the core and resting on the ring,-- is located vertically on the ground at' the' .point where the pile is to be formed and is driven into the soil by blows from a pile driver received upon blocks placed on the :upper end-of the core. -As before explained,

other means may be -employed to; drive" the I ycore, for {inst-ance, where the pileis to .be

formed undera building wall, the method of i theV Br'euchaud', patent may be employed, i and a hydraulic Jack acting against the wall.

I be used.' The particular means employed to force .down the jack donotiform partof my 'present invention. The shell section -will be l. forced downwith thecore, ibut owing to .otherwise be thecase.

forced down as far as convenient, additional` the ring upon which the shell rests, less force will be requ'red to'sink it tha-nwould When the assembled structure vhas been j. sections of core and shell maybe added and A coupled: to the vprecedingsections, and this.y

the shell' alone,

'operation repeatedv until lthe proper depth is attained.- `I ressure is thenexerted upon the core, ,therebyV shearing. oil' or 'otherwise removing thering and permitting.y :the shell topassbelow the-ring. This .will relea-se'the core, l which f may` then vbe withdrawn, .carryl y ingwith it the 'attached-.cone tip and learn.

ing a cavitywhich 4will thenbe A filled with I concrete or other. desired composition, in the 1, qusualmannerfand tampedin place so that a solid body will be' formed. Theshell will surround the bodyof thev pile andfwillpre-` vent the inflow` offwater, dirt, etc., and bev.ing-backed up bythe. soil, .will permit of considerable. force being' employed. in. tamping theconcreteif desired. 4

u In cases where itis desired'that a shell;

shall surround. ,thel tip of the pile as well' as the shell,ltip v13 may be slipped over the cone tip 4, and will remainin place during, the

sinking of the structure. .After the proper depth 1s reached, .the further sinking of the shell-to free the core will likewise sinkthe shell tip, which is immediately below the sheared-off portion of the ring sufficiently to clearr it from adhesion to the cone tip and will leave a structure in the ground which is inclosed at all points by a shell, as illustrated in Fig. 3. l f

' If, for any `circumstance, it should be discovered afterthe shell and core have been .off the ring.

.projection at the lower part of sai sufficient to force it :downonf driven to place, that it would be desirable to line the tip, the cone tip .may be left in place lby simply unscrewmg the core, in which case'itwill not be necessary to shear i hile I have .described with particular- .ity the ap aratus used with my method, I ldo not wis .tending'tolimitmyself to the preclse conto be understood thereby as mi structiondescribed and illustrated. Forinstance the ring has the function Aof telnporarily supporting the ed eV ofthe shell in drivlng and must lthen lie removed. The performance of this function does not neces sarily require that the rojection should be in the form of a ring, a though I prefer this form, nor is it essential that after the per- .formance of its function the. projection4 should be removed by shearing olf as equivalent means of removal'would be breaking on", or bending out of the' way `the shell. i I prefer, however, shearing.

1. A .method of forming composition piles, which consistsin locating a shellA outside of a core and`.tip and' restin upon acore, in

to effect such removal by then forcing said assembled structureto the *proper depth, in thenfurther forcing down the shell. and thereby removing the projection, Ain thenwithdrawing `the core and tip.

and filling the cavity thus formed with conf crete por' similar composition.

rQ-...A method of forming4 composition piles, which consists in locating a shell olitside of a core .and v tip and-restin upon a projection .at the lower part of sai core, in

then forcing saidV assembled structure in the soil, connecting added, sections vto saidzcore until the assembled and shellfas'necessary d p h orce to t e proper structure has been depth, -iny then further forcing down the shell and thereby removing the projection, in then withdrawing the core and tip and lling the cavity thus formed with concrete 'or slmilar composition.

A` method :of forming composition piles, which consists in locating a shell out# side. of a core and tip and resting upon. a

projection at the lower art of said core and'` locating a shell tip outside of said first-mentioned tip, in thenl forcing said assembled structure to lthe proper depth,.n then furbled structure in the soil, connecting added i sections to said core and'shell as necessary until the assembled structure has been forced to the proper depth, in then furt-her forcing down the shell and shell tip andthereby removing the projection, in

then'withdrawing the core and tip and filling the cavity thus formed with concrete or similar composition.

5. A method of forming composition piles which consists in locating a shell olit\ side of and upon a projection onl a core or tip so as to tit snugly to said core, said projection protecting` the lower edge of the shell in driving, thereby enabling a lighter shell to be employed, in forcing the assembled partslinto the soil, in then forcing the shell down over the core and tip, thereby removing'said projection from the `path of the shell, withdrawing the said core andtip from said shell, permitting the shell to remain in the soil, and filling the cavity thus formed with concrete or other composition.

6, A pile-forming apparatus Comprising w vremovable hollow core, a tip connected thereto, a shell formed of relatively light material snugly embracing said hollow core, so

as to be reinforced thereby, and adapted to form a casing for concrete or similar. material, a continuous annular projectionl upon the lower `end of said assembled core 'and tip and, underlying said shell so* as to protect the edge thereof in driving and removable to permit the withdrawal `ofsaid core and tip. l

7. A pile-forming apparatus comprising a cylindrical ore, a conical tip connected thereto, a removable annular projectioninterposed betweenisaid core and tipv and extending outside thereof, a cylindrical shell surrounding said core and resting on'said projection.

. 8. A pile-forming apparatus comprising a hollow sectional core, a. tip connected thereto, a sectional shell snuglyl embracing said hollowcore, a removable continuous annular project-ion upon the lowerv end of said assembled core and tip and underlying said shell so as to protect the edge thereof in driving.

9. A pile-formin apparatus comprising a cylindrical sectiona core, a conical tip connected thereto, a. removable annular projec- -jtion'interposed between said core and tip and extending outside thereof, a cylindrical sectional shell surrounding said core and l restingpn said projection.

10;"A' pile-forming apparatus comprising a hollow core, a tip connected thereto, a displaceable projection upon the lower end of said assembled structure, a shell resting on said projection, and a shell-tip outside of said first-mentioned tip.

11. A pile-forming apparatusv comprising 'a cylindrical core, a conical tip connected Ytuv removable annular (projection interposed between said core an tip and extending outsidev thereof, and a `cylindrical 'shell surrounding said core and resting on said pro- 'jection. j

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set,

my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANCIS L. PRUYN.

Witnesses: A

ADoLPH F. DINsE, HENRIETTA E. WORKMAN. 

